International Journal of Applied Science and Research

Ahmed Nezar M. Kobeisy, Ph.D.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJASR.2024.6001

ABSTRACT: Background. Early detection of PTSD is very important. Culture plays a very important role in all areas and stages of mental health (e.g. Prevention, Intervention, and treatment) from the beginning to the end. It is a necessary step to improve treatment results. While screening instruments for PTSD and other mental disorders have been developed, applied and evaluated in western populations, research into the effectiveness of screeners in Arab countries is lacking. In this paper, the researcher utilized the Jellinek-Post Traumatic Stress Disorder questionnaire (J-PTSD) which is highly reputable for its high efficiency, brief content and ease to use. Method. The aim of the present study was to replicate and cross-validate the J-PTSD screener in a community sample in Saudi Arabian students. In total, 239 subjects completed both the screener and a structured interview: The Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Results. Results of the current study did not confirm the validity of the screening questionnaire in Saudi Arabia, in that much lower values were found for sensitivity (.47) in detecting PTSD. The specificity found in the present study was good: .89. Results were compared to literature on Mental disorders as well as to the 2019 Saudi National Survey of Mental Health. Cultural barriers (e.g. stigma) have been explored Conclusion. The low value found for sensitivity indicates that the screener possesses poor diagnostic qualities in this population. Therefore, clinical use of this screener in non-Western context, e.g. in Arab and perhaps other Muslim (i.e. non-Arab) refugees, cannot be recommended. The same may apply to non-Arab and non-Muslim cultures that share similar cultural characteristics relevant to mental health and treatment issues. Recommendations were presented.

Keyword: PTSD; screener; Saudi Arabia; specificity; sensitivity; MINI

DOUMNANG MBAIGANE Jean Claude 1, ADOUM Issack 2, BONNKE Kaya 3

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJASR.2024.6002

ABSTRACT: The seismically active regions of the world are modelled on zones where the crust is constantly evolving, subduction zones or seismically active zones such as the East African Rift. Chad is not one of these zones, because towards the end of the Precambrian, Chad's crustal evolution came to an end and it became part of a stable zone. Nevertheless, micro-earthquakes of up to magnitude four have been recorded in the Wadi-Fira region thanks to the Abéché ABC seismological station. The signals recorded have been processed and located in an area of very uneven high basement at the surface. Their origin is thought to be linked to the dynamics of the aquifer in relation to the rate of weathering, which plays an important role in the infiltration of water, causing the hydrostatic pressure to vary considerably. This variation in pressure can lead to a change in the state of stress in pre-existing faults. An increase in fluid pressure in the rock mass can create fault instability. The largest recorded event is located on the N30°E direction corresponding to the direction of an old non-active fault representing the Volcanic Line of Cameroon.

Keyword: Near earthquakes, epicentre, regional phases, Wadi Fira (Chad).

Endang Banon, Indriana Rakhmawati, Tien Hartini, Omi Haryati, Nurhalimah

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJASR.2024.6003

ABSTRACT: Hypertension is a disease that can appear at the age of 50 years (pre-elderly) to the elderly (74 years). For people with hypertension, the stressful conditions experienced can increase blood pressure. For this reason, therapy is needed to reduce or stabilize blood pressure so that hypertension can be controlled. Management of hypertension can be done by providing non-pharmacological therapy, one of which is by providing music therapy. This therapy can give calm and can reduce the anxiety level of older people. This research is quasi-experimental research with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The research was conducted in Jati Melati - Jatiwarna Pondok Melati Bekasi Village, with 30 respondents who met the exclusive criteria and were selected using purposive sampling. Data was collected using a questionnaire, and therapy was provided using a workbook. Before the research, respondents received an explanation and signed an agreement. Data analysis was carried out using the dependent t-test. The statistical test results obtained a p-value of 0.000, which means that providing music therapy can reduce the anxiety level of older people with hypertension. The benefits of research are to reduce anxiety levels in older people and as an evidence base for further research. Music therapy can be recommended as a therapy to reduce the anxiety level of older people with hypertension.

Keyword: hypertension, anxiety, elderly, music therapy

Ratha Hem 1&4, Makararavy Ty 2, Asikin Yoeu 3&1, Rylida Vong 4, Luis Molina Carpio 5, and Siphann Hoem 6

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJASR.2024.6004

ABSTRACT: Agriculture sector was identified to be vulnerable to climate variability and change. The utilization of digital technology holds significant promise in facilitating and advancing sustainable socio-economic development, inclusivity, and resilience. It achieves this by generating novel avenues for economic expansion, improving the productivity and effectiveness of all industries, and offering alternative solutions and innovative approaches to address prevailing global challenges such as pandemic and climate change. The research aims to assess the farmers’ basic knowledge of digital literacy competence level and to examine the association between gender, education, and age group to the foundational digital literacy of farmers in using a smartphone. The Cohran formula of an unknown population was used to determine the appropriate number of farmers to be interviewed. 400 farmers within 10 districts were randomly chosen with gender balance. KoboToolBox and SPSS IBM 25 were adopted to collect and analyse the data. The findings revealed that Farmers are mostly working-age (31-64) and the majority of farmers have primary education. While more women have greater secondary education, more men have bachelor's degrees. Female farmers have an average education of 1.39, whereas male farmers have 1.41. Male farmers had a somewhat higher education standard deviation than female farmers. On average, farmers possess 3 smartphones. In social media and content creation, women thrive in digital literacy. Male farmers are better at connecting to the internet and integrating smartphone links. Digital literacy abilities are lower in older people (> 65) than working-age and youth groups. Higher education correlates with improved smartphone abilities and digital literacy. Farmers with less education may need more digital literacy training, especially for smartphone activities. Pearson Chi-Square Tests show no significant association between gender and age and basic digital literacy. Education level is significantly associated with social media app competency and smartphone app installation/use (p-value = 0.000).

Keyword:Digital literacy, Digital competence, Smartphone-based evaluation, Technology adoption

D. Sashi Kumaran

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJASR.2024.6005

ABSTRACT: Wound healing is a complex and dynamic process with the wound environment changing with the changing health status of the individual. The knowledge of the physiology of the normal wound healing trajectory through the phases of haemostasis, inflammation, granulation and maturation provides a framework for an understanding of the basic principles of wound healing. Through this understanding the health care professional can develop the skills required to care for a wound and the body can be assisted in the complex task of tissue repair. A chronic wound should prompt the health care professional to begin a search for unresolved underlying causes. Healing a chronic wound requires care that is patient centered, holistic, interdisciplinary, cost effective and evidence based. Forty patients with chronic wound were enrolled in this comparative clinical study. For each group twenty patients were selected randomly, informed consent was attained and then they underwent treatment with either green oil or Kupplai paste for dressing daily for 8 weeks. The follow up duration was minimally 1 - 2 months. In the study percentage of 57.5% male and 42.5% female patients in the sample Age group of 30 to 40 years 20%, 41 to 50 years 32.5% and 51 to 60 years 47.5% of patients were chronic wound with different wound size, pain and other criterias in the two groups. P values of group A (P = 0.005) > P values of group B (P = 0.000), therefore reduction of the wound size in the Group B ( Kupplai paste) is more significant than Group A ( Green oil). Conclusion that the application of kupplai paste can be used more effective than green oil on healing of the wound management.

Keyword: Chronic wound, Green oil, Kupplai paste, reduction of wound