International Journal of Applied Science and Research

Dr. Balaji Vijayam*, Dr. Taarika Balaji, Dr. Madhuri S Balaji, Dr. Geetha PV Ph.D

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJASR.2024.6201

ABSTRACT: The study aimed to examine the clinical features of pyelonephritis in type 2 diabetic patients at a tertiary care hospital. A retrospective study of 80 diabetic patients admitted with pyelonephritis in tertiary healthcare hospitals from April 2023 to March 2024 examined their clinical profiles and HbA1c status. Fever was the most frequent clinical symptom, followed by nausea, vomiting, dysuria, flank pain, and diabetic ketoacidosis. Hypertension was the common comorbidity. Laboratory results showed 81.25% had serum creatinine ≥2.5mg/dl, poor glycemic control in 66.25%, leucocytosis in 63.75%, thrombocytopenia in 6.25%, renal cysts in 12.54%, and calculi in 8.75%. The organisms isolated were E. coli, Pseudomonas sp., K. pneumoniae, and C. albicans. Pyelonephritis is a severe urinary tract infection that requires prompt diagnosis and treatment.

Keyword: Diabetes mellitus, Pyelonephritis, UTI, E.coli

Víctor Manuel de Jesus Leyva Negrete, Cuitlahuac Garcia Jimenez, Miguel Angel Quiroz Garcia, Leodegario Vázquez Gonzalez, Ivonne Ramirez Gutierrez, Edith Martinez Leo, Valeria Palacios Cruz

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJASR.2024.6202

ABSTRACT: Climate change has increased the incidence of forest fires in the Mexican Republic in the years 2023 and 2024 [1]. The areas affected by forest fires represent a great challenge for their reforestation with endemic species, especially in mountainous terrain with steep slopes or difficult-to-access ravines [2]. This article presents an innovative approach that uses agricultural drones and high-speed FPV drones to carry out seed sowing in affected areas of Maltrata, El Llanillo and the peaks of Acultzingo, Veracruz, where more than 40 hectares have been reforested with various species of native plants. FPV drones, capable of reaching elevated areas of up to 320 meters and distances of more than one kilometer, allow covering land that would be inaccessible to traditional agricultural drones. The results show a dispersal rate of 1 kg of seeds per hectare and a reforestation capacity of approximately 25 to 40 hectares per hour. This technological approach has proven to be efficient and sustainable in restoring ecosystems damaged by fire.

Keyword: Reforestation, drones, sowing, ecosystem

Dr. Rose Mugwiria & Joshua Mong’are Gisoi

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJASR.2024.6203

ABSTRACT: This study determined the effect of gender on learners’ academic achievement in chemistry when taught using Harkness teaching method in secondary schools in Kajiado county, Kenya. Quasi experimental design was utilized (Solomon’s four group design) to determine and describe the relationship between variables. Four subcounty secondary schools from the County were involved in the study. The study targeted students undertaking chemistry subject in secondary schools within the county. The accessible population was drawn from form three class and involved 5,289 chemistry students in mixed secondary schools in the sub-county. The study employed purposive sampling technique to sample sub-county mixed secondary schools from a list of mixed secondary schools identified in the county. Simple random sampling was used to draw the participating sub-county mixed schools. Thereafter, participant schools were assigned to experimental and control groups using a simple random sampling technique. The study sample size was 124 learners from the four schools. Chemistry Pre-Test (CPT), and Chemistry Achievement Test (CAT) were used as data collection tools. Pilot study was performed to determine the reliability of the tools in a school from Tharaka Nithi County. The validity of the instrument was ensured through experts’ input and opinion from Chuka University Department. The Reliability coefficient for chemistry achievement test was 0.759. Harkness teaching method was used to teach Experimental group (E1 and E2) while conventional teaching was used with control groups (C1 and C2). Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 25.0. Descriptive statistics used were (standard deviation, mean, and percentages) while inferential statistics (one-way ANOVA, Mann-Whitney U Test, Kruskal Wallis Test and Bonferroni adjusted alpha levels post hoc analysis, and t-test). The significance level for rejection was at α = 0.05. Harkness teaching significantly enhanced the learners’ academic achievement in the subject. However, the findings revealed no statistically significant difference in boys’ and girls’ achievement in Chemistry when taught using Harkness teaching method. The findings of the study may help curriculum planners and learning institutions (teacher training colleges) to incorporate innovative techniques in classroom teaching to improve learning of chemistry subject in Kenya. The findings also form a ground upon which likely further research could be built for innovative teaching techniques in secondary schools.

Keyword: Harkness teaching method, Gender, Academic achievement

Farheen Warid, Ateeque Ahmad

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJASR.2024.6204

ABSTRACT: In cities of developing countries, municipal solid waste (MSW) typically has a highly heterogeneous composition due to variations in economic activity, cultural practices, climate, and waste collection efficiency. In this study, proximate, ultimate and heating value was found out based on received basis of MSW. In this organic waste is segregated for composting only recyclable and inert material is left to find out the heating value of MSW. The energy recovery potential of MSW is 1164.47 Kh/tonne with 30% energy conversion efficiency.

Keyword: MSW, Proximate, Ultimate, heating value and energy recovery

Nerlita B. Mago, Edilberto Z. Andal

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJASR.2024.6205

ABSTRACT: The study aimed to determine the impact of in-service training programs on teachers' teaching competencies at Candelaria West District. Specifically, it sought to answer on perceived level of engagement in inservice training programs such as Regular Courses, Conferences, Workshops, Seminars, Correspondence, and Exhibitions, the impact of in-service training programs on teachers based on their teaching competencies in terms of Content and Pedagogy, Learning Environment, Diversity of Learners, Curriculum and Planning, Assessment and Reporting, Community Linkages and Professional Engagement and Personal Development and Professional Growth. This study is descriptive-correlational research with a researcher-made questionnaire employed to gather data from 150 teacher respondents. The statistical methods employed were frequency, Mean, standard deviation, and Pearson r. Findings revealed a significant relationship between in-service training programs and teachers' teaching competencies, however, regular courses is not related to diversity of learners. It is suggested to conduct a regular and continuous training programs by the district that will contain wide range of topics such as new teaching methodologies, classroom management techniques, and subject specified advancements. A Collaborative learning approach maybe best to use wherein teachers may share their best practices and experiences in making the school children learn. Mentoring is also one of the best approaches that can foster knowledge among the new teachers and for those seasoned teachers that loses their focus and forgotten their skills in teaching. The school head, on the other hand, may monitor whether the teacher uses the new knowledge gain from different in-service training programs so as to enhance the teaching competencies of their teachers. Through this, educational institutions may enhance the competencies of their teachers, ultimately leading to improved teaching quality and better student outcomes. For the future researcher, this study may serve as a reference and the information in this study may have some bearing on future research works.

Keyword: In-Service Training Programs, Teachers' Teaching Competencies, Engagement

Legiso a*, Kiagus Ahmad Roni b*, Atikah c, Sri Rahayu Ningrum d

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJASR.2024.6206

ABSTRACT: The water of the Lais River is clearly brown, in addition to the water transportation dock, there is an industrial area along the Lais River. Some of the people who live along the Lais River still use the Lais River water for their daily needs such as bathing and washing. The Lais River is a flow from OKU Regency (Ogan Komering Ulu), Muara Enim Regency, then the Musi River and ends at the Lais River, Kalidoni District, Palembang City. The Lais River is 50 kilometers long and 100 meters wide. The Lais River is a tributary of the Musi River in the West Ilir section. This study aims to determine the comparison of the effectiveness of activated carbon from rice husks and banana peels as adsorbents on the quality of the Lais River water in Palembang City. The Lais River is a tributary of the Musi River which is 50 kilometers long. This study was conducted using activated carbon from rice husks and activated carbon from banana peels which were activated using CH3COOH with a concentration of 1 N 20% and then adsorbed on the Lais River water. the results of the study showed that activated carbon from rice husks and activated carbon from banana peels were able to reduce TSS levels from 571 mg/L to 27 mg/L, Fe (iron) levels from 0.8 mg/L to 0.0 mg/L. The conclusion is that activated carbon from banana peels is more effective than activated carbon from rice husks in reducing river water pollution levels. In this study, the analysis of Fe (iron) content was carried out using the Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) method. While to determine TSS levels using gravimetric analysis.

Keyword: Activated Carbon, Rice Husk, Kepok Banana Peel, Lais River.

David Adrian G. Eya 1, Jundil L. Insong 2, Jasfrullah B. Ansao 3, Gee Ann C. Razonado 4, Christine Mae P.Oro 5 , Florence Jean B. Talirongan 6, Hidear Talirongan 7

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJASR.2024.6207

ABSTRACT: Waste generation has emerged as a critical global environmental concern, exacerbated by population growth, urbanization, and rising consumption patterns. In the Philippines, as one of Southeast Asia's top waste output contributors, inadequate waste management practices, low recycling rates, and inefficiencies in local waste collection systems have intensified pollution challenges, particularly in coastal areas. This study addresses the country's waste management challenges by forecasting regional waste generation trends using the ARIMA (Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average) model. ARIMA's time series forecasting capability enables the prediction of future waste quantities based on historical data, providing local government units with insights essential for capacity planning and policy interventions. The ARIMA model forecasted waste generation trends of the region in the Philippines for the next decade, using historical data from 2014 to 2023. The forecast of waste generation of each region reveals three main patterns. The first is a decline following an initial rise in 2024, the second is a steady downtrend starting in 2024, and lastly, an upward trend after a dip in 2024. These patterns suggest regional differences in waste output and inform the government about more targeted waste management strategies, such as conducting policies and regulations. NCR, Region 2, Region 3, and Region 13 are projected to see a temporary rise followed by a gradual decline hinting at a stabilization. Regions 1, 4, MIMAROPA, and Regions 5–12 show a consistent decline starting in 2024, likely reflecting sustained waste reduction. CAR, however, displays a unique upward trend after 2024, indicating factors that may drive increased waste generation. Among all the regions, only BARMM has insufficient data, which is why forecasting in this region is not possible. Further research could address this gap if additional PSA data becomes available.

Keyword: ARIMA, waste generation, waste management, forecasting, time series

Halah Ahmad Abd Almeneem Mhamd 1,2

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJASR.2024.6208

ABSTRACT: Providing an outline of a method that improves the accuracy of forecasting or classification by recognizing transformations in time series and image data systems is the objective of this study. The technique provides an outline of the method. Within the scope of this work, a quick review of identifying transformations is provided, as well as a discussion of pre-processing transformation approaches that emphasize essential components. Furthermore, it consists of necessary components. Even though the data is so complicated, the study shows how useful it is to use visual representations and computer vision techniques. By utilizing this strategy, individuals can acquire a more profound appreciation of the reasoning behind the results of CNN predictions. This is because the method makes it simpler to visualize the essential components that are required for accurate prediction or classification.

Keyword: Predictive modelling, Artificial intelligence, Time series, machine learning, deep Learning, CNN.

Jhon Ralph L. Flores 1, Wenilyn P. Bragat 2, Ivan O. Tumimbang 3, Florence Jean B. Talirongan 4, Charies L. Malicay 5

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJASR.2024.6209

ABSTRACT: This study examines the progress of freedom in ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations) countries by analyzing political rights and civil liberties trends, using data from the Global Freedom Scores provided by Freedom House from 2019 to 2023. The research identifies clear groupings within ASEAN using the K-means Clustering Algorithm, with countries such as Myanmar, Brunei, Laos, Cambodia, Thailand, and Vietnam classified as having low freedom scores based on political rights and civil liberties. Meanwhile, nations in the Malay Archipelago—such as Malaysia, the Philippines, Timor-Leste, Singapore, and Indonesia—show higher freedom scores, with Timor-Leste emerging as the country with the highest level of freedom. A time-series analysis based on an ARIMA model provides insight into the trends of freedom scores by these different Nations for the last five years. It indicates a slight improvement in the ASEAN nation's political rights and civil liberties. With the help of forecasting, slight improvements indicate that ASEAN countries are still finding ways to advance their citizens' freedom. This study sheds valuable insights into how the ASEAN nations balance governance, freedom, and development in an increasingly interconnected world.

Keyword: Freedom Scores, Political Rights, Civil Liberties, ASEAN, Freedom

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Sukru Kalayci

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJASR.2024.6210

ABSTRACT: In this study, a solid-state electrode sensitive to sulfur concentration was developed. The electrode, which is sensitive to sulfur concentration with an analytical slope of 29 ± 0.7 mV and has a composition of 25% DBDS + 55% Ag2S + 20% CuS, was applied. For this reason, it was determined that the analytical performance values of this electrode in synthetic samples were high. Vitamin B1 was determined indirectly using a sulfur electrode. After vitamin B1 was made soluble, it was analyzed using both selective electrode and ion chromatography with the help of sulfur. The results were found to be consistent with each other.

Keyword: Vitamin B1, Sulfur, solid-state electrode, determination.

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Sukru Kalayci

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJASR.2024.6211

ABSTRACT: A new solid-state molybdenum-selective electrode has been developed. A solid-state electrode was prepared using MoS2 as ion exchanger. The slope of the linear portion (1 × 10−1-1 × 10−5 M) was about 45 ± 2 mV/10-fold concentration changes in molybdenum. It was found that pH change between 1 and 12 had no effect on the potential of the electrode. The life of the electrode was more than 2 years when used at least 4-5 times a day and the response time was about 30 seconds. This electrode was used for the determination of molybdenum ion in calf liver using the standard addition method. Validation values of the electrode were measured. The same sample was analyzed with both the electrode and DP polarography and high consistency was obtained.

Keyword: Molybdenum, Solid-state electrode, DP polarography, Beef liver.

Ahmed Nezar Mohammed Kobeisy, Ph.D

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJASR.2024.6212

ABSTRACT: This article provides a comprehensive review of the book “Counseling the Culturally Diverse: Theory and Practice” by Sue, D., Sue, D., Neville, H. & Smith, L. 8th edition. Chapter 6, however, is authored by Christina M. Capodilupo, Ph.D, at Teachers College, Columbia University. Her name does not appear on the book cover and appears only in the table of contents as well as on the actual chapter (p. 119). The book is very important and is considered essential resource in the field. Furthermore, the book contents can be helpful to educators, mental health professionals, medical professionals and all those who serve diverse clients.

Keyword: Multicultural Counseling, Culturally Diverse

Asni Johari 1*, M. Farhan Arliansyah 2, Muswita 3, M. Naswir 4

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJASR.2024.6213

ABSTRACT: This study aims to analyze the effect of mint plants as a repellent on the abundance of aphid pests in eggplants. The study was conducted using an experimental method, with mint plants used as a repellent treatment in eggplant cultivation, while the control group did not use mint plants. Aphid abundance data were collected using a total sampling technique over 12 weeks of observation. Environmental data measurements included temperature, humidity, and wind speed. Analysis of aphid abundance data was performed using an independent sample t-test and further effect size analysis. The results showed that the use of mint plants as a repellent significantly affected the abundance of aphid pests on eggplants (Sig. 0.024 < 0.05).

Keyword: mint plants (Mentha piperita), repellent, abundance, aphids (Aphis gossypii).

*Adris M. A 1, Mshare Alzber 2, Salah E.I 3, Mohammed O.M 4, Tarig B.A

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJASR.2024.6214

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study is evaluate different insulin resistance parameters and lipids profiles in Sudanese women with GDM with specific to determine fast serum insulin levels and calculate the insulin resistant markers which include Glucose/insulin ratio, HOMA-IR, Log (HOMA-IR) and Fasting insulin resistance index (FIRI). Study design: Across-sectional case-control study was conducted. Place and Duration of Study: the study take place at the Wed Medani, Teaching Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gezira State, Central of Sudan. from March to November 2021.Methodology: One hundred Sudanese women diagnosed with GDM as cases and same number normal pregnant women as controls according to the oral-glucose-tolerance test based on the WHO endorsed, there age means range 29.23±0.497 (Mean±SD) for patients and 27.360±0.519 (Mean±SD) for control. 4 ml venous fasting blood samples were collected from each participant. Blood glucose and lipids profile were determining by using automated analyzer. The Oral Glucose Tolerance Test was done. The data were analyzed by using SPSS version 20. Results: the results of cholesterol TG and LDL presented significantly higher levels in the case group compared to the control, but HDL presented increased without significant in case compared to control. The results of fasting insulin, fasting insulin resistance index and Homeostasis assessment of insulin resistance presented significant increase in case group compared to control group. Conclusion: The study concluded that GDM had significantly higher fasting blood glucose, insulin resistance markers, TG and LDL-C compared to matched normal pregnancy.

Keyword: Diabetes, GDM, Hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, Lipids profile, Pregnancy

Etuse Yawo Assedi, Dr. John Muhenda, Dr. Sabas Kimani

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJASR.2024.6215

ABSTRACT: The article focuses on exploring the possibilities of philosophic discourse in the present postcolonial African situation. As indicated, it will begin by exploring and laying out Traditional Conception of Africans in the Perspective of Serequeberhan, the character of philosophy as a discipline. It will then broadly examine Africa’s present situation, a historico-political situation which has prevailed since the end of formal colonialism. Consequent to the two expositive presentations, the article will then indicate the role philosophy can and should play in this situation. The aim is to explore the possible beyond the demise of colonialism in the hope of catching sight of a truly postcolonial future. Thus, the article concisely articulates the hermeneutical stance in contemporary African philosophy

Keyword: African, Conception, Traditional, Perception

Deswani D1, Sri Djuwitaningsih 1, Harpolia Cartika 2

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJASR.2024.6216

ABSTRACT: This study evaluated the effectiveness of purple cabbage extract cream as an anti-inflammatory agent to reduce swelling and enhance mobility in elderly individuals with arthritis, specifically osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis is prevalent among the elderly, often causing joint pain, swelling, and limited mobility. Purple cabbage is rich in flavonoids and polyphenols, compounds known for their anti-inflammatory properties, and is hypothesized to aid in reducing inflammation and improving joint function. A quasi-experimental design with pre-test and post-test measurements was used on 30 elderly participants with knee swelling due to arthritis. Participants applied the cream three times daily on the affected knee, with knee circumference and the "Timed Up and Go" (TUG) test used to assess swelling and mobility, respectively. Statistical analysis revealed a significant reduction in knee circumference (p < 0.05) and improvement in mobility, with a shorter TUG test time after treatment. A 95% confidence interval and a p-value of 0.012 underscored the statistical significance of these results. The findings suggest that purple cabbage extract cream may be a safe, effective topical treatment for reducing swelling and enhancing mobility in elderly arthritis patients. This alternative therapy could potentially improve pain management and quality of life for elderly individuals. Further research is recommended to confirm these results and to establish optimal dosage and treatment duration.

Keyword: anti-inflammatory, arthritis, cream, elderly, osteoarthritis, purple cabbage extract

1 DOUMNANG MBAIGANE Jean Claude, 1 MBAGUEDJE DIONDOH, 1 Leontine TEKOUM, 1 NgaroMBAITI, 2 Pierre ROCHETTE

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJASR.2024.6217

ABSTRACT: The Tibesti massif is a Tertiary-Quaternary volcanic region underlain by Precambrian bedrock. The massif lies to the south of the Sahara Desert. It has a very rugged topography, with the highest peak being Emi Koussi at 3,415 m. The geological map of the region dates back to the 1960s, and very little geological work has been carried out. Since the 1970s, repeated wars in the region have made access difficult for scientific work because of the anti-personnel mines hidden throughout the area. Using aerial photography, Landsat images and remote sensing techniques, in particular Landsat 7 ETM+ satellite image processing and analysis, with ENVI 4.5 and QGIS software, we have updated a geological and structural map of this difficult-to-access region. Based on the coloured compositions and channel ratios, a lithology was determined: - two types of Palaeozoic sandstone characterised by two different drainage network textures; - Tertiary and Quaternary rhyolites and basalts. - The lineaments were highlighted using the Lapalacian filter, QGIS 3.28 and 3DEM: - Tectonic structures have been determined. - A major NW-SE fault runs along the southern edge of the massif. This fault can be seen in the colour composition of the various raw and processed channels; it has been confirmed by a digital terrain model (DTM), - a NW-SE-trending sinister drop separates the Upper Tibestian and Lower Tibestian formations. A detailed 1:100,000 geological map of the southern Tibesti massif was produced from analyses and interpretations of processed Landsat images and aerial photographs. The processing of these data has highlighted the lineaments and different types of faults that have affected the geological formations of the Tibesti. A structural diagram of the southern Tibesti massif has been produced. This mapping work will help to guide hydrogeological research in this austere area and mining research in this province, which is rich in minerals but little explored.

Keyword: remote sensing, mapping, metallogenic province, Tibesti, Chad.

Quint Nico Abergas 1, James F. Mintang 2, John Carlstien Uy 3 and Markdy Y. Orong 4

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJASR.2024.6218

ABSTRACT: Using the User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ) framework, this study assesses the learning experiences and satisfaction levels of Misamis University CCS students using the MU-OLE System. The study looks into what influences platform adoption, how satisfied users are with the interface and functionality, and other aspects that impact user experience. The findings point to a dependable and user-friendly platform with strengths in reliability, efficiency, perspicuity, and beauty. Lower stimulation and novelty scores, however, highlight the necessity of creative and captivating elements to boost user interest and drive. The study's conclusions offer practical advice for enhancing the MU-OLE System's usability and inclusivity, creating a dynamic and effective online learning environment that is suited to the requirements of a wide range of learners and teachers.

Keyword: Attractiveness, efficiency, MU-OLE system, novelty, perspicuity, satisfaction levels, stimulation, UEQ, user experience.

Ashanti Hercurles F. Saquin 1, Venz Darwin Tiol 2, Jovanni Dawn R. Vizmanos 3, and Markdy Y. Orong 4

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJASR.2024.6219

ABSTRACT: Short-form video advertisements have emerged as a transformative tool in digital marketing, leveraging the widespread popularity of platforms like TikTok to captivate younger audiences. As these platforms dominate Gen Z's online experience, brands are increasingly investing in short-form videos to influence consumer behavior and drive purchasing decisions. This study examines the effectiveness of short-form video ads on purchase intention and purchasing behavior among 385 Gen Z respondents in the Philippines. Using descriptive statistics and Pearson’s correlation coefficient, the study assessed consumer responses to purchase intention and behavior and explored their relationship. Findings reveal a neutral overall response to short-form video ads, with a significant positive correlation between purchase intention and actual purchasing behavior. While short-form ads effectively capture attention and generate interest, the study highlights the importance of bridging intent and action for greater marketing success. Recommendations include optimizing ad content for authenticity, relevance, and quality to maximize engagement with Gen Z consumers.

Keyword: Short-form video ads, Gen Z consumers, Purchase intention, Purchasing behavior, Philippines